Achieve excellent tooth movement for your patients with the best orthodontic wires in dentistry,
As you all know, orthodontic wires generate a bio-mechanical force through brackets for uninterrupted tooth movement. Orthodontic wires vary according to the materials used, wire sizes, properties, and uses. You may select the type of orthodontic wire according to the demand of a particular clinical situation. However, choosing the appropriate orthodontic wire size and alloy type would benefit the treatment with predictable results.
So, consider all these properties of orthodontic wires before opting wires for a particular treatment,
- Spring back – the orthodontic wire should possess high spring back quality
- Stiffness – low stiffness can apply lower forces and is more constant over time.
- Formability – the wire material should exhibit high formability, easy to bend into the desired configuration.
- Biocompatibility – the selected type of orthodontic wire should have resistance to corrosion and tarnish
- Resilience – the orthodontic wire should exhibit high resilience to increase the working range of the appliance.
- Joinability – It should be easy to join by soldering and welding
- Friction – the type of orthodontic wires should provide the least friction to avoid undue strain on anchorage and limitation of tooth movement.
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Classification of Orthodontic Wires Based on Materials
Stainless steel
Stainless steel orthodontic wires remained a popular choice in orthodontics. Stainless steel can alter the composition or the physical properties of the manufacturing process. The material has excellent use in the oral cavity due to its rust-resistance properties.
Advantages of choosing stainless steel
- Great spring back
- Exceptional formability
- Cost-effective
- Environmental stability
- Stiffness
Disadvantages of stainless steel
- Spring back lesser than Ti alloys
- Not as resilient as Nitinol
- High force may break up over a long period
Cobalt-Chromium Orthodontic Wires
- Cobalt–chromium has similar properties as stainless steel but this type of orthodontic wire have a high stiffness value and available in four different tempers. It’s made possible through heat treatment. This CoCr is useful under certain clinical circumstances and has different formable states.
Advantages of CoCr wires
- Resistance to distortion and fatigue
- Corrosion resistance
- Good formability
- Resilient
Disadvantages of CoCr
- Reduced yield strength and tensile strength
Nickel-Titanium Alloys
Nickel titanium is a highly recommended orthodontic wire with excellent physical properties. This type of orthodontic wire exhibits a shape memory effect with the quality to return to its original form after deformation,
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Advantages of Ni-Ti wires
- Super-elasticity
- Corrosion resistance
- High fatigue strength
- Moderate heat resistance
- Biocompatible
- Non-magnetic
Gold Orthodontic Wires
Gold alloys were the first wires used in orthodontics but, today you cannot choose gold because of its high cost compared to other base metal wires. The gold alloy has an elastic force much less than stainless steel.
Also, check: Ortho Accessories
Advantages of using gold orthodontic wires
- High corrosion resistance
- Excellent formability
- Inert metal
Disadvantages of gold wires
- Low yield strength
- High cost
- Limited springback property
Orthodontic wires and their uses
Wires in orthodontics are applied to correct teeth irregularities and aid in maintaining dental alignment.
Round-shaped orthodontic wires are often applied during the first stages to resolve crowding, open bites, close gaps, and level the arch.
Rectangular orthodontic wires are used in the finishing stages of treatment to ensure the crown and root placement of the teeth is correct.
Sizes of orthodontic wires differ in thickness but are measured in thousandths of an inch.
Patients may have differing dental arch forms, but the preservation of the original arch form is fundamental.
Being knowledgeable about the thermal and mechanical properties of various orthodontic wires aids in choosing the most effective wire for the treatment.
Achievement of precise and timely treatment results hinges on effective wire management.
In the future orthodontic metals may be replaced with materials stronger yet more aesthetically pleasing.
In short, each branch of dentistry is aided with an orthodontic wire. Optimal results for patients with the right wire type and careful wire handling can be obtained. For tools and a range of dental products, visit KCK Direct.
